Highlights
Performance Evaluation of Photonic Quantum Router–Repeater Network Designed for Kathmandu Metropolitan City (QRRN)
This research project investigates the design, simulation, and performance evaluation of a Photonic Quantum Router–Repeater Network for metropolitan-scale quantum communications, using Kathmandu Metropolitan City as the reference deployment scenario. The project aims to contribute toward the future realization of secure, scalable, and high-performance Quantum Internet infrastructure by evaluating quantum routing and repeater architectures under realistic urban conditions.
The research emphasizes quantum communication over optical fiber networks and studies how quantum routers, quantum repeaters, quantum memories, and entanglement-based routing protocols can improve long-distance secure communication while overcoming photon loss, decoherence, and urban environmental challenges.
TU Research Directorate and Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST)
Faculty Research Grant (2081/2082)
Grant ID: TU-NPAR-081/82-MRG-01 & NRG-081/82-SRG-04
Grant Amount: NPR 300,000
Project Duration: 24 Months
Funding Category: Small Research Grant (Engineering)
Dr. Babu R. Dawadi
Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering
Institute of Engineering (IOE), Tribhuvan University
Dr. Babu R. Dawadi – Principal Investigator
Chitran Pokhrel – Research Scholar
The project was conducted with the following objectives:
Design a photonic quantum router–repeater network suitable for Kathmandu Metropolitan City.
Evaluate key performance metrics including latency, throughput, end-to-end fidelity, quantum bit error rate (QBER), photon loss, and quantum memory utilization.
Analyze the impact of urban infrastructure, optical channel impairments, and environmental factors on quantum communication.
Investigate entanglement generation, routing, swapping, and purification mechanisms for metropolitan quantum networks.
Provide recommendations for future deployment of practical quantum communication infrastructures in Nepal and similar metropolitan environments.
The project involved:
Urban quantum network topology planning
Quantum router and repeater architecture design
Optical fiber channel modeling
Quantum memory performance analysis
Entanglement management protocol evaluation
Simulation of metropolitan quantum networks
Performance comparison with international quantum networking architectures
Statistical analysis of network performance indicators
The project successfully:
Proposed an optimized hybrid quantum network topology for Kathmandu Metropolitan City.
Developed and evaluated a photonic quantum router–repeater architecture suitable for metropolitan deployment.
Analyzed latency, throughput, fidelity, QBER, and quantum memory utilization under different network conditions.
Investigated the influence of optical attenuation, urban noise, polarization drift, phase noise, and timing jitter on quantum communication.
Demonstrated the feasibility of metropolitan quantum communication using simulation-based evaluation.
Produced recommendations for future implementation of scalable quantum communication infrastructure and quantum internet technologies.
This project represents one of the pioneering research efforts in Nepal focusing on metropolitan quantum communication networks. The outcomes contribute toward:
Future Quantum Internet research
Secure next-generation communication systems
Quantum network architecture design
Smart city communication infrastructure
Quantum-safe networking technologies
National capacity building in quantum communication research
The findings provide valuable guidance for researchers, policymakers, and communication engineers working toward future secure digital infrastructures.
The research grant has contributed to several high-quality scholarly publications, including:
Journal paper published in IET Quantum Communication (Wiley) and IJEECS
Springer conference publication on photonic quantum router–repeater architecture.
Multiple journal papers submitted to leading international journals, including Nature Scientific Reports, Discover Networks (Springer Nature), Engineering Reports (Wiley).